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1. Overview – GH2132 (GH132 / UNS S66286 / Alloy A-286) Superalloy
GH2132 (traditional grade GH132, also known as UNS S66286 or Alloy A-286) is a precipitation-hardened iron-nickel-chromium superalloy engineered specifically for high-temperature piping systems. It delivers an optimal combination of long-term creep strength, oxidation resistance up to 650 °C, moderate corrosion resistance and excellent weldability.
Unlike conventional 310S or 321 heat-resistant stainless steels, which lose strength sharply above 600 °C, GH2132 maintains stable load-bearing capacity under thermal cycling and high-pressure conditions. This makes it the material of choice for critical high-temperature connections in aerospace, petrochemical, power generation and industrial furnace applications.
Our factory supplies a full range of GH2132 forged flanges, seamless elbows, tees, reducers, pipe caps and matched fasteners, fully compliant with ASME, GB and EN standards. Every shipment comes with Material Test Reports (MTR), ultrasonic/magnetic particle (UT/MT) NDE reports and full heat batch traceability, ensuring reliability for long-running high-temperature, high-pressure piping projects.
2. Alloy Strengthening Mechanism – Why GH2132 Performs at 650 °C
The performance of GH2132 is built on precise alloy design and a two-step aging heat treatment:
- Gamma-prime (γ’) precipitation strengthening
Titanium and aluminum form nano-sized Ni₃(Ti,Al) γ’ phases during aging. These precipitates are the primary source of high-temperature tensile and creep strength. - Chromium oxide passive film
13.5–16% chromium creates a dense, protective oxide layer that resists scaling, mild sulfidation and carburizing atmospheres at elevated temperatures. - Austenite stabilization
24–27% nickel stabilizes the austenitic matrix, improving thermal fatigue resistance and microstructural stability during repeated heating and cooling cycles. - Solid-solution and grain-boundary strengthening
Molybdenum and vanadium provide additional solid-solution strengthening and enhance pitting resistance. Trace boron purifies grain boundaries, effectively preventing intergranular cracking under thermal stress.
3. GH2132 Chemical Composition (Wt.%)
| Element | Content (%, max unless range stated) |
|---|---|
| Iron, Fe | Balance |
| Nickel, Ni | 24.0 – 27.0 |
| Chromium, Cr | 13.5 – 16.0 |
| Molybdenum, Mo | 1.00 – 1.50 |
| Titanium, Ti | 1.75 – 2.35 |
| Aluminum, Al | ≤ 0.40 |
| Vanadium, V | 0.10 – 0.50 |
| Boron, B | 0.001 – 0.010 |
| Carbon, C | ≤ 0.08 |
| Manganese, Mn | ≤ 2.00 |
| Silicon, Si | ≤ 1.00 |
| Phosphorus, P | ≤ 0.030 |
| Sulfur, S | ≤ 0.020 |
4. Physical and Mechanical Properties (Solution + Double Aged Condition) For UNS S66286
Physical Properties
| Property | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 7.93 g/cm³ | 0.286 lb/in³ |
| Melting Range | 1364 – 1424 °C | 2487 – 2595 °F |
| Magnetic Property | Non-magnetic (all heat treatment states) | Non-magnetic |
| Thermal Conductivity (20 °C) | 14.2 W/m·K | 98.6 BTU·in/hr·ft²·°F |
| Linear Thermal Expansion (20–650 °C) | 14.8 × 10⁻⁶ /°C | 8.22 × 10⁻⁶ /°F |
Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature and 650 °C
| Property | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Elastic Modulus | 193 – 208 GPa | 27,994 – 30,169 ksi |
| Poisson’s Ratio | 0.28 – 0.31 | 0.28 – 0.31 |
| Room Temp Tensile Strength | ≥ 930 MPa | ≥ 134.9 ksi |
| Room Temp Yield Strength | ≥ 650 MPa | ≥ 94.3 ksi |
| Elongation | ≥ 20% | ≥ 20% |
| 650 °C Tensile Strength | ≥ 750 MPa | ≥ 108.8 ksi |
| 650 °C Creep Limit (0.2%/1000 h) | 230 MPa | 33.4 ksi |
5. Heat Treatment & Aging Cycles
| Process | Temperature | Holding & Cooling | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|
| Soft Annealing | 840 – 900 °C | Soak 1–2 h, furnace cool | Reduce hardness for CNC machining, relieve forging stress |
| Solution Treatment | 970 – 990 °C | Soak 1 h, air/oil cool | Dissolve precipitates, homogenize matrix |
| Primary Aging | 720 °C | Hold 16 h, air cool | Precipitate γ’ strengthening phases |
| Secondary Aging | 660 °C | Hold 8 h, air cool | Balance high-temperature strength and ductility |
| Stress Relieving | 600 – 650 °C | Soak 2–4 h, slow furnace cool | Release machining stress, prevent thermal deformation |
| Cryogenic Stabilization | -70 to -196 °C | Soak 2–4 h | Enhance dimensional stability of precision flange sealing faces |
6. Fabrication & Processing Guidelines
Welding
- Use matched A-286 superalloy filler wires.
- Preheat to 200–260 °C to minimize cold cracking risk.
- Mandatory full post-weld aging treatment (720 °C + 660 °C dual aging) to restore high-temperature strength in the weld and heat-affected zone.
- Avoid rapid water quenching immediately after welding.
Cold & Hot Forming
- Cold forming capacity is limited due to pronounced work hardening.
- Hot forming is recommended at 800–950 °C for flanges, ring forgings and pipe blanks.
- For thin-gauge cold stamping, apply intermediate stress relief annealing after each forming pass to avoid cracking.
7. Supply Scope & Quality Assurance
We supply GH2132 (GH132 / UNS S66286) pipe fittings and forged components with full documentation and testing:
- Products: Seamless elbows, tees, reducers, pipe caps, forged flanges, matched fasteners
- Standards: ASME, GB, EN
- Documentation: Material Test Reports (MTR), UT/MT non-destructive testing reports, heat number traceability
- Typical Applications: High-temperature piping in aerospace engines, petrochemical reformers, power plant boilers, industrial furnaces and other systems requiring reliable 650 °C performance
Contact us now for a quote.
